A mezuzah is a small case containing a handwritten parchment with particular passages from the Torah. It’s affixed to the doorpost of a Jewish house as a reminder of God’s presence and safety.
Hanging a mezuzah on the doorpost is a typical Jewish custom that dates again to biblical occasions. The Torah instructions Jews to put in writing the phrases of the Torah on their doorposts (Deuteronomy 6:9). This commandment is interpreted as a requirement to hold a mezuzah on the doorpost of each room in the home, apart from bogs and utility rooms.